📌 分期关税 | Staged Rates

另一个了解贸易协定的关键要素是“分期关税”。有些关税并不会立即根据协议条款被消除，出于政策原因，通常采取逐步减少的方式。

Another
element that is key to an understanding of trade agreements is "staged
rates." Some duties are not immediately eliminated under the provisions
of these agreements for policy reasons.

Staged rate example

“分期关税”指的是将关税按年分期降低——常见的周期是 5 年、10 年或更长时间。

The
term “staged rates” refers to the reduction of a rate of duty in stages
over several years—5, 10, or more years are commonly used.

分期关税通常由总统在每项协议实施时宣布，这通常是在谈判结束、最终文本签署并由国会及合作伙伴国批准后，以及所有国家级法律变更完成后。

Staged
rates are proclaimed by the President at the time each agreement is
implemented, which commonly can be well after negotiations have
concluded, the final text is signed and approved by Congress and its
equivalent in the partner country, and all national level legal changes
are completed.

某些关税率按照公式降低（例如“每年减少 1 个百分点”），而有些则采用“不均衡的分期方式”，即某些年份没有减少。最后的阶段反映了谈判中达成的最终让步关税率。

Some
rates are reduced using a formula (such as “by 1 percentage point per
year”), and some have “uneven staging” in which no reduction occurs
during particular years. The last stage reflects the final concession
rate agreed upon during the negotiations.

📌 分期关税的发布地点 | Where are Staged Rates Published?

2002 年之前，这些“分期关税附件”会发布在《联邦公报》上。现由 美国国际贸易委员会（ITC） 在其网站上发布并维护，网址为：http://www.usitc.gov/tariff_affairs/annex_index.htm

Prior
to 2002 these “staged rate annexes” to proclamations were published in
the Federal Register. The ITC now publishes all proclamation annexes and
maintains them on the ITC website at http://www.usitc.gov/tariff_affairs/annex_index.htm.

Free trade agreement proclamation annexes 
📌 如何查看分期关税条款 | How do I Review Staged Rate Provisions?

ITC 提供了一个有用的指南，帮助查看未来 美国 的分期关税减少，使用 DataWeb 可以轻松查阅。

The ITC provides a helpful guide to future U.S. stage rate reductions in DataWeb.

例如，要查看 美国-澳大利亚自由贸易协议 的分期关税条款，请按照以下步骤操作：

To review a staged rate provision for the U.S.-Australia free trade agreement:

1. 进入网址：https://dataweb.usitc.gov/tariff/rates-future/Australia
2. 在框中输入“22029010”。
3. 选择“Search”（搜索）。
4. 点击“22029010 Chocolate milk drink”（巧克力奶饮料）。

1. Go to https://dataweb.usitc.gov/tariff/rates-future/Australia
2. Enter "22029010" in the box.
3. Select "Search.”
4. Click “22029010 Chocolate milk drink.”

📌 贸易协定领域 | Trade Agreement Sectors

一些 美国 的贸易协定是多边的，并且基于特定的领域，例如：

Some U.S. trade agreements are multilateral and are based on sectors, such as:

• 汽车产品

  （General Note 5）

Automotive Products (General Note 5)

• 民用航空器

  （GN 6）

Civil Aircraft (GN 6)

• 医药产品

  （GN 13）

Pharmaceutical Products (GN 13)

• 染料中间化学品

  （GN 14）

Intermediate Chemicals for Dyes (GN 14)

Example of sectors

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