经过了昨天的铺垫,今天开始第一节正式内容,为了方便学习,内容是中英文对照格式,若是想看英文原文,直接点击最底部链接。
美国《协调关税表》(HTS)介绍
📌 What is the HTS? / 什么是 HTS?
📖 The Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (HTS) sets out the tariff rates and statistical categories for all merchandise imported into the United States.
📖 美国《协调关税表》(HTS)规定了所有进口到美国的商品的关税税率和统计类别。
🔹 The HTS is designed so that each article falls into only one category.
🔹 HTS 采用唯一分类原则,每种商品只能归入一个类别。
🔹 It is divided into chapters, each of which has a 2-digit number. Each product category within the various chapters is designated by 4, 6, 8, or 10 digits.
🔹 HTS 按章节划分,每个章节对应一个两位数编号。每种商品类别在各章节下以 4、6、8 或 10 位数字标识。
🔹 The 6- and 8-digit classifications are called “subheadings” and the 10-digit categories are “statistical reporting numbers.”
🔹 6 位和 8 位分类称为“子目”,10 位分类称为“统计报告编号”。
🔹The HTS is a system for classifying traded goods based on their material composition, product name, and/or intended function.
🔹HTS 是一个基于商品材质、产品名称和用途进行分类的系统。
💡 NOTE: The HTS is designed so that each article falls into only one category.
💡 注意:HTS 采用唯一分类原则,每种商品只能归入一个类别。
📌 What is the HTS used for? / HTS 的用途是什么?
✅ U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) is the U.S. Government agency that officially determines the classification of imported goods using the HTS.
✅ 美国海关与边境保护局(CBP)负责依据 HTS 对进口商品进行官方分类。
🔗 官方网站:www.cbp.gov
✅ Nearly every good that is imported into the United States is classified into an 8-digit category.
✅ 几乎所有进口到美国的商品都被归入 8 位分类编号。
🔹 Example 1: The 8-digit classification for "cotton sewing thread put up for retail sale" is subheading 5204.20.00.
🔹 示例 1:零售包装的棉线缝纫线的 8 位分类编号为 5204.20.00。
🔹 Example 1: HTS showing chapter 52, heading 5204, subheading 5204.20.00 for cotton sewing thread put up for retail sale.
🔹 示例 1:HTS 显示 第 52 章,税号 5204,子目 5204.20.00,对应商品为 零售包装棉线缝纫线。
🔹 Example 2: The 8-digit classification for copper cathodes is subheading 7403.11.00.
🔹 示例 2:铜阴极的 8 位分类编号为 7403.11.00。
🔹 Example 2: HTS showing chapter 74, heading 7403, subheading 7403.11.00 for copper cathodes.
🔹 示例 2:HTS 显示 第 74 章,税号 7403,子目 7403.11.00,对应商品为 铜阴极。
🔹 The examples above show the same information as it appears on a page in the HTS.
🔹 以上示例显示的信息与 HTS 页面上的内容一致。
💡There are over 11,000 of these 8-digit subheadings covering goods in the HTS.
💡 HTS 中包含超过 11,000 个 8 位子目,涵盖各种商品。
📌 2️⃣ Assessing Rates of Duty / 计算关税税率
✅ Another function of the HTS is to determine the rate of duty applied to an imported good.
✅ HTS 的另一个作用是确定进口商品适用的关税税率。
✅ Using the examples above, the general rate of duty for cotton thread is 4.4% ad valorem (duty assessed on the declared value).
✅ 根据上述示例,棉线的基本关税税率为 4.4% 从价税(按申报价值计算)。
🔹 (You will learn more about the different types of duties in a later lesson.)
🔹 (你将在后续课程中学习更多关于不同类型关税的内容。)
🔹 Example 1 again: This time highlighting the duty rate for cotton sewing thread put up for retail sale.
🔹 再次查看示例 1:此次重点显示零售包装棉线缝纫线的关税税率。
🔹 And the general rate of duty for copper cathodes is 1%.
🔹 铜阴极的基本关税税率为 1%。
🔹 Example 2 again: This time highlighting the duty rate for copper cathodes.
🔹 再次查看示例 2:此次重点显示铜阴极的关税税率。
🔹 These examples show the same information as it appears on a page in the HTS.
🔹 这些示例显示的信息与 HTS 页面上的内容一致。
🔹 Note the headings and subheadings that indicate cotton sewing thread and copper cathodes, the descriptions, and the duty rates.
🔹 请注意这些税号和子目对应的零售包装棉线缝纫线和铜阴极的商品描述及关税税率。
💡 NOTE: "Duty" is often used interchangeably with the word "tariff".
💡 注意:“关税”(Duty)通常可与“税率”(Tariff)互换使用。
📌 3️⃣ Trade Statistics / 贸易统计
✅ The HTS is also used to collect trade data.
✅ HTS 还用于收集贸易数据。
✅ Using a trade data interface, such as the USITC’s DataWeb, it is possible to view monthly, quarterly, and annual trade data using HTS codes.
✅ 通过贸易数据平台(如美国国际贸易委员会的 DataWeb),可以使用 HTS 代码查询月度、季度和年度贸易数据。
USTIC's DataWeb website. https://dataweb.usitc.gov/
🔹 For example, if you want to know the quantity of “cotton sewing thread put up for retail sale” imported into the U.S. from China in 2023, you can use DataWeb to look up U.S. imports using subheading 5204.20.00.
🔹 例如,如果你想查询 2023 年从中国进口到美国的“零售包装棉线缝纫线”数量,你可以使用 DataWeb,输入 HTS 子目 5204.20.00 进行查询。
🔹USTIC's DataWeb showing the quantity of cotton sewing thread put up for retail sale imported from China in 2023.
🔹 USTIC 的 DataWeb 显示 2023 年从中国进口的零售包装棉线缝纫线的数量。
📌 Lesson 2 Summary / 第二课总结
✅ The HTS sets out tariff rates and statistical categories for all merchandise imported into the United States and is a system for classifying traded goods based on their material composition, product name, and/or intended function.
✅ HTS 规定了所有进口到美国的商品的关税税率和统计类别,并基于商品材质、产品名称或用途进行分类。
🔜 Next, you'll learn about the World Customs Organization's Harmonized System (HS).
🔜 接下来,我们将学习世界海关组织(WCO)的《协调制度》(HS)。
看到这里是不是还感觉挺简单的,
再说下核心作用
1.Classification / 商品归类
2.Assessing Rates of Duty / 计算关税税率
3.Trade Statistics / 贸易统计
经过了这个文章之后,货代导航网-海关常用-
https://huodaiagent.com/
关于美国关税的部分又完善了一个美国贸易数据查询Dataweb,如上面的内容所说,其是有美国国际贸易委员会的 DataWeb,可以使用 HTS 代码查询月度、季度和年度贸易数据,以后在查数据看哪些产品到美国的出口量比较大就有了一个比较好的数据来源了,可以尝试下。
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